Artificial lift is a method used in oil and gas wells to bring fluids (like oil, gas, or water) to the surface when the natural pressure underground isn’t strong enough to do it on its own.
After some time, the natural pressure in a well drops. When that happens, the oil slows down or stops flowing. That’s where artificial lift comes in — it gives the oil a “push” to help it reach the surface.
Main Types of Artificial Lift:
- Rod Pump (also called beam pump or sucker rod pump)
The classic pumpjack you see bobbing up and down in oilfields. It uses a motor on the surface to drive a pump downhole. - Gas Lift
Injects high-pressure gas (often from the surface) into the well to lighten the oil and help push it up. - Electric Submersible Pump (ESP)
A pump that’s installed deep in the well, powered by electricity. Great for moving large volumes of fluid. - Progressing Cavity Pump (PCP)
A screw-like pump that’s good for thick or sandy oil.
How do you choose the right one?
It depends on well depth, fluid type, flow rate, and available infrastructure. For example, ESPs are good for high-volume wells, while rod pumps work better for shallow or medium-depth wells.