When we begin drilling an oil well, the first section (surface hole) is one of the most critical phases where vibration plays a major role.

Why vibration occurs:
At this stage, large-diameter bits are used, usually with long Bottom Hole Assemblies (BHAs). The bit interacts with hard and variable formations near the surface, while heavy drillstrings generate torsional, axial, and lateral forces. These factors make the BHA prone to:
-Axial vibration (bit bounce) – rapid up-and-down motion.
-Torsional vibration (stick-slip)– uneven rotation due to torque fluctuations.
-Lateral vibration (whirl)– sideways motion causing eccentric wear.

Impace on operations:
Uncontrolled vibration in this early section can:
-Reduce Rate of Penetration (ROP)
-Damage drill bits, stabilizers, and motors
-Cause unplanned trips and NPT (Non-Productive Time)
-Lead to wellbore instability or poor hole quality

How we manage it:
-Careful BHA design to balance stiffness and flexibility
-Optimized Weight on Bit (WOB) and RPM
-Use of shock subs, dampers, or stabilizers
-Real-time MWD/LWD vibration monitoring to adjust parameters proactively

The first section sets the foundation for the entire well. Managing vibration early doesn’t just protect tools – it ensures drilling efficiency, safety, and cost control.